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A minor-planet moon is an astronomical object that a as its natural satellite. , there are 457 minor planets known or suspected to have moons. Discoveries of minor-planet moons (and binary objects, in general) are important because the determination of their orbits provides estimates on the and of the primary, allowing insights into their physical properties that are generally not otherwise accessible.

Several of the moons are quite large compared to their primaries: 90 Antiope, Mors–Somnus and Sila–Nunam (95%), Patroclus–Menoetius, Altjira and Lempo–Hiisi (90%, with Lempo–Paha at 50%). The largest known minor-planet moon in absolute size is Pluto's largest moon Charon, which itself has about half the diameter of Pluto.

There are also several known ring systems around distant objects (see: Rings of Chariklo and Chiron).


Terminology
In addition to the terms satellite and moon, the term "binary" ( binary minor planet) is sometimes used for minor planets with one moon, and "triple" for minor planets with two moons. If one object is much bigger it is referred to as the primary and its companion as the secondary. The term double asteroid is sometimes used for systems in which the asteroid and its moon are roughly the same size, while binary tends to be used independently from the relative sizes of the components. When binary minor planets are similar in size, the Minor Planet Center (MPC) refers to them as "" instead of referring to the smaller body as a satellite. A good example of a true binary is the 90 Antiope system, identified in August 2000. Very small satellites are often referred to as moonlets.


Discovery milestones
Prior to the era of the Hubble Space Telescope and space probes reaching the outer Solar System, attempts to detect satellites around asteroids were limited to optical observations from Earth. For example, in 1978, stellar occultation observations were claimed as evidence of a satellite for the asteroid to 532 Herculina. However, later more-detailed imaging by the Hubble Telescope did not reveal a satellite, and the current consensus is that Herculina does not have a significant satellite. There were other similar reports of asteroids having companions (usually referred to as satellites) in the following years. A letter by astronomer Thomas Hamilton in the Sky & Telescope magazine at this time pointed to apparently simultaneous impact craters on Earth (for example, the in Quebec), suggesting that these craters were caused by pairs of gravitationally bound objects.

In 2014, 130 Elektra was discovered to have three moons, making it the only discovered quadruple asteroid.

Also in 1978, Pluto's largest moon Charon was discovered; however, at the time Pluto was still considered to be one of the major planets.

In 1993, the first asteroid moon was confirmed when the probe discovered the small Dactyl orbiting 243 Ida in the . The second was discovered around 45 Eugenia in 1998. In 2001, 617 Patroclus and its same-sized companion Menoetius became the first known binary asteroids in the . The first trans-Neptunian binary after Pluto–Charon, , was optically resolved in 2002.


Multiple systems
In 2005, the asteroid 87 Sylvia was discovered to have two satellites, making it the first known triple system (also called a triple minor planet or triple asteroid). This was followed by the discovery of a second moon orbiting 45 Eugenia. Also in 2005, the dwarf planet was discovered to have two moons, making it the second trans-Neptunian object after known to have more than one moon. Additionally, 216 Kleopatra and 93 Minerva were discovered to be triple asteroids in 2008 and 2009 respectively. There has been one discovered quadruple minor planet, that being 130 Elektra. Since the first few triple minor planets were discovered, more continue to be discovered. , the total number of known multiple systems among minor planets is 18 (including the Pluto and Haumea systems).

The following table lists all satellites of multiple systems, starting with Pluto, which was unnumbered when its first moon was discovered in 1978. The highest known multiplicities are for Pluto (a sextuple system) and 130 Elektra (a quadruple system).

2005/10/31
2005/10/31
Hydra
2013/07/02
2013/07/02
2007/03/07
2007/03/07
2005/08/11
2004/08/09
2013/12/17
Gorgoneion
2016/08/07
2016/08/07
2014/12/16
2014/12/16
2021/11/06
2011/02/18
Cleoselene
2013/12/22
2013/12/22
2017/09/01
2008/03/12
2008/03/12
2018/07/20
2018/07/20
2017/01/14
2009/10/??
2009/10/??
2008/09/17
2005/06/30
2009/06/19
Gamma (unofficial)
2008/02/12
Gamma (unofficial)
2020/06/09
2020/06/09
2024/10/11
2024/10/11


Commonality
The data about the populations of binary objects are still patchy. In addition to the inevitable observational bias (dependence on the distance from Earth, size, and separation of the components) the frequency appears to be different among different categories of objects. Among asteroids, an estimated 2% would have satellites. Among trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs), an estimated 11% are thought to be binary or multiple objects, and the majority of the large TNOs have at least one satellite, including all four IAU-listed dwarf planets.

More than 50 binaries are known in each of the main groupings: near-Earth asteroids, , and trans-Neptunian objects, not including numerous claims based solely on light-curve variation.

Two binaries have been found so far among centaurs with smaller than Neptune. Both are double ring systems around 2060 Chiron and 10199 Chariklo, discovered in 1993–2011 and 2013 respectively.


Origin
The origin of minor-planet moons is not currently known with certainty, and a variety of hypotheses exist. One such model is that minor-planet moons are formed from debris knocked off the primary by an impact. Other pairings may be formed when a small object is captured by the gravity of a larger one.

Formation by collision is constrained by the of the components, i.e. by the masses and their separation. Close binaries fit this model (e.g. –Charon). Distant binaries however, with components of comparable size, are unlikely to have followed this scenario, unless considerable mass has been lost in the event.

The distances of the components for the known binaries vary from a few hundreds of kilometres (243 Ida, 3749 Balam) to more than 3000 km (379 Huenna) for the asteroids. Among TNOs, the known separations vary from 3,000 to 50,000 km.


Populations and classes
What is "typical" for a binary system tends to depend on its location in the Solar System (presumably because of different modes of origin and lifetimes of such systems in different populations of minor planets).
  • Among near-Earth asteroids, satellites tend to orbit at distances of the order of 3–7 primary radii, and have diameters two to several times smaller than the primary. Since these binaries are all inner-planet crossers, it is thought that tidal stresses that occurred when the parent object passed close to a planet may be responsible for the formation of many of them, although collisions are thought to also be a factor in the creation of these satellites.
  • Among , the satellites are usually much smaller than the primary (a notable exception being 90 Antiope), and orbit around 10 primary radii away. Many of the binary systems here are members of , and a good proportion of satellites are expected to be fragments of a parent body whose disruption after an asteroid collision produced both the primary and satellite.

  • Among trans-Neptunian objects, it is common for the two orbiting components to be of comparable size, and for the semi-major axis of their orbits to be much larger − about 100 to 1000 primary radii. A significant proportion of these binaries are expected to be primordial.
    • has five known moons. Its largest moon Charon has a radius of more than half that of Pluto, and is large enough to orbit a point outside Pluto's surface. In fact, each orbits the common barycenter between them, with Pluto's orbit entirely enclosed by Charon's; thus they form a binary system informally referred to as a . Pluto's four other moons, Nix, Hydra, Kerberos, and Styx, are far smaller and orbit the Pluto–Charon system.
    • has two moons with radii estimated around 155 km (Hiʻiaka) and 85 km (Namaka).
    • has one known moon, S/2015 (136472) 1, estimated to be some in diameter.
    • 47171 Lempo is a unique trans-Neptunian triple system: Lempo and its moon of roughly equal mass, Hiisi, form a close-proximity binary, separated by roughly 867 km. A second moon, Paha, orbits the Lempo–Hiisi binary at about 7411 km.
    • has one known moon, Dysnomia. Its radius, based on its brightness, is estimated to be roughly between 150 and 350 km.


List
, there are 457 minor planets (systems) with 477 known companions. The following table is a listing of the total number of these systems by orbital class:

Three systems with two satellites: 3122 Florence, , and .
One system with two satellites: 2577 Litva.
Eight systems with two satellites: 45 Eugenia, 87 Sylvia, 93 Minerva, 107 Camilla, 216 Kleopatra, 3749 Balam, 4666 Dietz, 6186 Zenon; and one quadruple system with three satellites: 130 Elektra.
Two systems with two satellites: 47171 Lempo and 136108 Haumea; one system with five satellites: 134340 Pluto.


Near-Earth objects
This is a list of near-Earth asteroids with companions. Candidate binaries with an unconfirmed status are displayed on a dark background. For an overview, see summary and introduction.

1862 Apollo1.550.05219321.553.06520050.083.7527.36
1866 SisyphusAPO8.480.119728.442.390919850.841927.12
3122 Florence4.400.04
0.04
19814.42.358120170.24.67.2
20170.39.824
3671 DionysusAMO1.460.219841.432.705S/1997 (3671) 119970.293.427.744
5143 Heracles3.650.16719913.62.70620110.6415.5
5381 Sekhmet1.040.3199112.720030.3101.5412.5
(5646) 1990 TR2.720.18+19902.683.199920120.485.119.4712
7088 Ishtar1.510.4219921.392.67920060.332.820.6496
(7888) 1993 UC2.7219932.722.3420137.735.04
15745 Yuliya1.20.46+19910.61+3.249520180.28+11.735
(31345) 1998 PGAMO0.940.319980.92.5162020010.271.414.0064
1.260.38+19981.182.735820210.45+4.655.39
(35107) 1991 VH1.120.419911.042.624S/2008 (35107) 119970.423.2632.64
1.50.41+19991.42.737520150.6+3.831.32
65803 DidymosAMO0.770.2219960.752.259
S/2003 (65803) 1
20030.1771.1811.8992
0.890.4819980.82.49220020.381.214.5392
66391 MoshupATE1.390.34119991.3172.7645Squannit
S/2001 (66391) 1
20010.45117.42.54817.4216
2.320002.32.110220143.815.7
69230 Hermes0.810.919370.613.89420030.5413.8921.113.8936
(85275) 1994 LY2.510.24+19942.442.69620200.59+4.216.6238
APO0.480.519990.432.51420040.210.817.7312
APO10.2820010.962.420010.21.616.399
(136617) 1994 CCAPO0.640.182
0.129
19940.622.3886Beta (unofficial)20090.1131.72929.832
Gamma (unofficial)20090.086.130201.024
APO0.690.10919980.692.30220120.08
3.730.2319993.642.31919990.847.314.01696
2.1820002.184.2432013
0.9950.3320030.942.644620210.3113.0651.413.07
1.6520001.654.1367201916.079
AMO2.850.408
0.177
20012.63.425Beta (unofficial)20081.0616.633149.4
Gamma (unofficial)20080.463.80416.464
0.460.2520020.452.81720120.111.526.304
APO0.30.16719900.32.53620030.050.621
0.620.520000.552.64220050.281.0514.16
163693 Atira4.90.2120034.82.974520171615.504
1.120.19120031.12.34320040.213.9336.696
APO1.690.2819961.693.59519519980.4916.15316.1508
APO0.850.4120000.82.77420000.32.6242.192
1.0520051.04540.5422017
AMO1.0620061.0618220152.62
0.280.520030.2520170.1
0.380.18+20020.372.500120180.07+0.510.76
APO3.460.08720023.463.293120040.34.715.6
3.090.2519983.24.75120130.81.30466.21231.3104
1200012021
0.9220010.922017
APO0.370.220040.362.620060.0770.7523.04
0.950.2320030.933.46320210.2122.92222.92
0.60.1820050.62.414420150.110.914.736
0.330.2120040.322.620150.070.514.4
0.810.1519980.83-20010.12<64.598.4
0.620.06520000.625.1220090.040.617.2
APO0.170.53320040.154-20120.08-0.2520
APO1.820.2820061.062.4120070.3+1.55.52
1.040.4919940.942.51919940.46222.3296
AMO0.550.47+19910.53.490720140.2415.9170.8615.91704
0.540.32+20050.53.488320080.215.2670.615.2808
APO0.170.620090.15420150.090.2514.4
APO0.630.33320080.62.72620080.2+1.528.8
1.950.2420051.9+3.33920050.463.417.9304
0.410.220060.42.2720060.080.511.7
APO0.530.3620070.52.60320120.181.433.504
APO0.620.2519940.62.73620050.15+0.617.976
APO1.0670.4620070.973.49720190.4541.363.241.36
APO0.290.520000.264.4420000.130.42618.4
APO0.3820080.382013
APO0.340.5-20140.320150.15-
0.400.2520050.403.620220.14
APO0.21-119940.15-3020140.15-0.52530
0.1810.4519990.1653.069720210.0740.2916.4448
0.610.16720020.62.720020.11.425.8
AMO0.510.220020.520020.1
0.130.520030.1220030.060.2724
0.2720050.27rot.2014
0.310.26720070.32.70320070.08+0.4513.44
0.530.2420130.523.624620200.121.227.312
APO1.32201312.88492014
APO0.30.32+20140.33.36120140.10.513.665
APO0.120150.12015
APO0.470.4320160.427-20190.18-<400.42+7.2
APO0.320170.32017
APO1.3120170.920.620180.92.422.08
APO0.240.16720180.241.220180.04
APO0.280.2320180.272.439820180.062.34980.3510.512
AMO0.1920200.192020
APO0.180.4220200.1652.820200.07<490.3647.04


Mars crossers
This is a list of Mars-crossing asteroids with companions. Candidate binaries with an unconfirmed status are displayed on a dark background. For an overview, see summary and introduction.

1139 Atamicls.7.810.8331929627.452005515+27.456
1656 SuomiH7.860.26+19427.612.588520201.98+3057.92
1727 Mettecls.10.40.21196510.182.9810920132.142120.99
2044 Wirtcls.6.660.2519506.463.689820061.621218.9696
2449 Kenoscls.6.20.23197863.848120151.41015.84
2577 Litvacls.4.40.35
0.3
197542.81320091.42135.88
S/2012 (2577) 120121.23785136
3873 Roddycls.7.510.2719847.252.4790020121.961419.24
4435 Holtcls.5.030.34+19834.762.86720171.62+1642.648
5261 Eurekacls.1.280.39+19901.192.690220110.462.116.9296
(5407) 1992 AXcls.3.980.219923.92.54919970.785.813.5192
7002 Bronshtencls.3.120.24+19713.032.6702520180.73+4.513.32
7369 Gavrilincls.7.920.32+19757.5449.1220072.412749.128
8373 Stephengouldunus.5.480.27-19925.294.43520101.431534.152
12008 Kandrupcls.4.20.7519963.432.903420162.61032.904
13920 Montecorvinocls.2.810.22+19852.812.20231202015.475
(15700) 1987 QDcls.4.150.3119873.963.058620101.231450.4
(16635) 1993 QOcls.4.770.27+19934.617.62220071.241232.256
(23621) 1996 PAcls.2.50.27+19962.42.664920170.65520.60
24495 Degroffcls.3.520013.2624.08320172.7375
26074 Carlwirtzcls.3.6219773.622.459320136.116.1112
26471 Tracybeckercls.6.050.3620005.692.68720092.051839.288
cls.4.150.32+20003.966.597920071.2753360
cls.3.620.2820013.482.564420050.98720.76
cls.3.30.21+20003.232.557220120.681362.04
cls.2.620.23+19992.553.33020130.59414.1
cls.3.30.19+20013.22.707720160.616.2648
cls.6.890.1919976.772.8350720101.291114.6808
cls.2.40.3519892.32.417220180.84.520.65
cls.2.6220022.192.964920057.954
cls.2.9720025872010


Main-belt asteroids
This is a list of main-belt asteroids with companions. Candidate binaries with an unconfirmed status are displayed on a dark background. For an overview, see summary and introduction.

22 Kalliope168.50.1681852166.24.1482Linus
S/2001 (22) 1
200128109586.304
31 EuphrosyneEUP267.080.0251854267.085.5320196.767728.8
41 Daphne1740.01118561745.9880Peneius
S/2008 (41) 1
20082-44326.4
45 Eugenia2060.034
0.024
18572065.699Petit-Prince
S/1998 (45) 1
199871164113.18
2004561143.03
87 SylviaSYL2860.038
0.037
18662865.1836Romulus
S/2001 (87)
200110.8135187.696
Remus
S/2004 (87)
200410.6701.632.952
90 AntiopeTHM1210.954186687.816.505200087.817116.505
93 MinervaGEF141.60.028
0.021
1867141.65.9818Aegis
S/2009 (93) 1
20093.6623.557.744
Gorgoneion
S/2009 (93) 2
20093.237526.7528
107 CamillaSYL219.370.073
0.016
1868219.374.8439S/2001 (107) 1200116125089.328
S/2016 (107) 120163.534012
121 Hermione 1900.17118721875.551S/2002 (121) 120023274761.512
130 Elektra1990.03
0.01
0.008
18731995.2247S/2003 (130) 120036.01298126.9
S/2014 (130) 120142.049830.14
S/2014 (130) 220141.634516.8
216 Kleopatra1350.066
0.051
18801355.38528Alexhelios
S/2008 (216) 1
20088.967855.68
Cleoselene
S/2008 (216) 2
20086.945429.76
243 IdaKOR31.40.045188431.44.6336Dactyl (Ida I)19931.410836.96
283 EmmaEMA134.70.0671889134.76.888S/2003 (283) 12003958180.472
317 Roxane20.560.267189119.868.169Olympias
S/2009 (317) 1
20095.3257336
379 HuennaTHM87.470.066189487.477.022S/2003 (379) 120035.833362102
702 AlaudaALA201.960.0171910201.968.354Pichi üñëm
S/2007 (702) 1
20073.511227117.9
762 Pulcova1430.1341913141.725.839200019703106.51
809 LundiaFLO9.10.8919156.915.41820056.115.815.418
854 Frostia7.840.72419166.3537.72820044.61737.73
939 Isberga12.90.29192012.42.917020063.63326.630
1016 AnitraFLO9.5419249.545.92952016
1052 BelgicaFLO10.410.36+19259.792.709720123.533447.26
1089 Tama12.920.685192710.716.44420037.3320.716.445
1313 Berna13.50.79193310.625.46420048.372525.464
1333 CevenolaEUN17.150.35193417.154.882008
1338 DupontaFLO7.880.2319347.683.854520071.771417.57
1344 Caubeta5.8419355.843.1222011
1453 FenniaH7.230.28+19386.964.412120071.951522.9896
1509 EsclangonaH8.170.33119387.763.253S/2003 (1509) 120032.57140552
1526 Mikkeli5.320.219395.222.934120201.048.815.9792
1626 Sadeya15.140.26192714.653.420220203.815451.312
1717 Arlon9.1319549.135.14820051718.235
1770 Schlesinger10.61196710.612.88042016
1798 WattsFLO6.6319496.632017
1803 ZwickyPHO9.930.2619679.612.732920212.502428.459
1830 PogsonFLO8.280.32+19687.892.5720072.521824.24
1934 JeffersPHO9.2419729.246.042720201515.014
2006 PolonskayaFLO4.620.22+19734.513.11820050.998.519.1496
2019 van AlbadaFLO7.860.26+19357.612.729420191.98+1417.982
2047 SmetanaH3.070.21+197132.49720120.636.322.4304
2070 Humason4.570.3119644.373.188320181.351753.50
2121 SevastopolFLO9.320.4119718.622.906420103.542637.104
2131 MayallH8.560.26+19758.282.56820092.151823.4792
2178 Kazakhstania4.310.2619724.173.018320181.08818.50
2242 Balaton6.130.25+19365.952.797920151.49+912.96
2337 Boubín8.010.16+19767.912.5316320181.27+1316.09
2343 Siding SpringNYS5.20.19+19795.112.1063720150.97+711.78904
2478 TokaiFLO9.980.72+19818.125.88520075.832125.896
2486 Metsähovi8.4219398.424.45182007
2491 TvashtriH3.2590.24+19773.174.085220180.76+7.526.71
2516 Roman4.4080.2319644.32.626620190.997.316.2192
2535 Hämeenlinna9.420.22+19399.23.2310620152.0+1921.2304
2602 Moore9.60.2819829.23.4672320192.62227.455
2623 Zech7.920.29+19197.612.740120142.21+48117.19
2691 Sersic5.440.43+197453.881120112.151226.808
2754 Efimov6.580.219666.462.449720061.291014.7648
2815 SomaFLO7.160.2519826.952.7332520111.741317.916
2825 Crosby5.060.18+19384.982.813520170.9+14.3496
2873 BinzelFLO6.430.25+19826.242.703720191.56+n.a.44.58
2881 Meiden5.6719835.673.482017
3034 Climenhaga9.9719179.972.7374920091918.9552
3073 KurskFLO6.890.2519796.693.446820061.672244.952
3169 OstroH5.150.8719813.896.50920053.385.26.5088
3309 BrorfeldeH5.040.2619824.882.504120051.27918.48
3378 Susanvictoria6.640.24+19226.462.562120171.55+1117.1312
3390 DemanetFLO5.060.2619844.92.5945720211.271437.14
3433 Fehrenbach7.740.3119637.43.91620152.31419.6656
3523 Arina9.070.24+19758.822.674220212.12+2229.261
3623 ChaplinKOR11.1198111.18.3612008
3673 Levy6.410.2819856.172.68820071.731321.6
3703 VolkonskayaV3.730.419783.463.23520051.397.824
3749 BalamFLO4.660.466
0.42
19823.952.80483S/2002 (3749) 120021.842891464
20081.662033.384
3782 CelleV5.920.4319865.443.83920032.341836.576
3792 PrestonPHO5.1619855.162.9277201646.8
3657 ErmolovaV6.660.1419786.62.6065520200.929.412.540
3841 DiciccoFLO6.250.28+19836.023.594920141.67+1221.6288
3865 LindbloomV7.970.65+19886.68-26.01620204.34+1726.016
3868 Mendoza9.350.2219609.132.770920092.012024.384
3905 Doppler7.910.77+19846.2750.820134.832650.808
3912 Troja5.930.3319885.633.659420211.861017.371
3951 Zichichi6.720.33+19866.383.394220062.111627.6
3982 Kastelʹ6.7919846.795.8352005
4029 Bridges8.020.2419827.83.574620061.871316.3104
4030 Archenhold6.970.31+19846.663.2729220202.06+1215.9739
4092 Tyr7.60.45+19867.616.087520201416.0875
4272 Entsuji7.680.1819777.562.808720151.361315.9456
4288 TokyotechEUN12.30.30+198911.783.1820193.53+3030.276
4296 van WoerkomFLO7.60.319357.32.80920162.21726.232
4337 AreciboTHM19.690.53198524.32021134819.2
4362 CarlisleFLO5.590.33+19785.31-2.6328920211.75+1743.296
4383 Suruga6.470.21+19896.333.406820131.331116.3872
4440 TchantchèsH2.090.25+19842.032.7883620050.513.818.6912
4492 Debussy17.360.643198814.626.60620049.393126.616
4514 Vilen6.290.2619726.092.892220151.58+1116.8504
4541 Mizuno6.2919896.295.2612015
4607 Seilandfarm7.390.29+19877.13.968320092.061931.632
4666 Dietz6.830.34
19866.522.9524220152.22+1833.192
2015
4674 PaulingH4.680.3219894.462.521S/2004 (4674) 120041.412503120
4765 WasserburgH1.780.16+19861.763.623120130.282.915.9696
4786 Tatianina3.280.19+19853.222.922720060.616.621.6696
4788 Simpson3.580.17+19863.532.8175220200.6+5.714.981
4868 KnusheviaH1.5350.13+19891.523.142220150.2+2.111.922
4951 Iwamoto5.520.76+19904.39118.020073.3431118.0
5112 KusajiFLO3.420.3119873.272.799520161.01720.74
5135 Nibutani4.820.2819904.642.81820201.39.621.7368
5402 Kejosmith4.190.18+19894.122.6954920181236.62
5425 VojtěchV7.050.2219846.892.6475920151.521625.4304
5426 SharpH2.03319852.0334.560920144.524.2208
5474 GingasenV5.0519885.053.62422008
5477 HolmesH3.150.3719892.952.994320051.096.724.43
5481 KiuchiV7.920.3319907.523.619620082.481520.90
5500 TwilleyFLO4.480.27+19814.332.955420171.17+7.817.556
5536 Honeycutt9.10.3119558.73.58320162.71516.325
5674 Wolff6.040.8+19864.7293.720153.78+3093.696
5772 Johnlambert80.22+19887.813.078220211.72+1417.98
5872 Sugano6.330.3+19896.063.364220161.82+1118.84
5899 JedickeH2.670.32+19862.542.74820100.814.416.699
5905 JohnsonH4.790.4019894.453.782420051.789.321.785
6009 Yuzuruyoshii10.320.29+19909.913.0306720212.87+3344.07
6016 Carnelli3.530.219913.462.802820160.69721.331
6084 Bascom6.350.3719855.962.74520062.22043.512
6100 Kunitomoikkansai4.060.38+19913.84.301820161.44+718.46
6181 Bobweber4.4919864.492.757962008
6186 Zenon60.2819885.82.683220171.69.114.393
6244 Okamoto6.890.2519906.692.895820061.671320.3208
6245 Ikufumi8.10.2319907.892.922220181.891315.44
4.950.2419854.812.70920071.16815.8592
(6369) 1983 UCFLO5.170.3519834.92.920131.715–39.8
6384 KervinH3.740.3+19893.63.619420151.1+6.115.94
6615 Plutarchos3.140.2519603.052.324720070.769.740.03
6708 Bobbievaile9.230.57+19898.028.22120094.571924.696
7187 IsobeH6.050.1719925.964.242720121.011633.1
7225 Huntress6.680.2119836.542.440020071.371014.6712
7307 Takei10.10.24+19949.82.7468520212.61920.0064
7344 Summerfield6.2519926.252017
7393 LuginbuhlFLO5.470.4+19845.082.6876320172.03+1639.4224
7.4519957.453.160012021
7958 LeakeyH2.940.3019942.822.3484320120.851050.28
8026 JohnmckayH1.6919911.693722010
8077 Hoyle121986122.74542000
8116 JeanperrinFLO4.770.33+19964.533.616920071.491336.144
8306 ShokoFLO3.460.40+19953.213.35020131.289.436.192
8474 RettigFLO60.86+19854.530.5420153.9+1430.54
9069 HovlandH3.130.30+199334.217520040.97.830.336
9260 Edwardolson4.120.2719533.983.085220051.077.217.784
EUN6.180.2619905.982.9870120191.552148.84
9617 GrahamchapmanFLO2.840.2719932.742.285620060.745.219.3848
9783 Tensho-kan5.330.3519945.12.920131.813–29.568
9972 Minoruoda9.119932017
10123 Fideöja3.480.3519933.32.8720131.213–56.448
10132 Lummelunda3.5890.28+19933.462.509920170.97+7.322.44
10208 GermanicusFLO3.550.4619973.233.3482520071.481358.56
H3.319993.34.821920136.219.1712
11227 Ksenborisova2.619992.62.616792017
11264 Claudiomaccone4.20.31+19794-3.187220051.24+615.1104
12326 ShirasakiFLO3.80.2419923.72.728620160.98.425.056
13123 TysonPHO10.87199410.873.33032015
15107 ToepperweinFLO2.860.19+20002.812.532720210.53+5.419.6032
15268 WendelinefrogerNYS3.970.27+19903.832.422420081.038.725.08
3.7419983.742.527320108.223.9592
15822 GenefahnestockH1.720.19+19941.692.9620100.323.320.1312
16525 ShumarinaikoNYS5.250.16+19915.182.593220130.838.114.4096
(16694) 1995 AJFLO4.060.23+19953.963.642120200.91+925.2792
17081 Jaytee4.520.26+19994.372.881820211.137+7.516.34
17246 ChristophedumasKOR4.610.22220004.55+S/2004 (17246) 1200412282160
17260 Kušnirák4.770.2620004.623.128720061.27.414.7576
17700 Oleksiygolubov3.450.31+19973.293.838220181.02+5.415.49
(18303) 1980 PU4.380.2419804.32.72627201916.112.27
PHO3.5290.24+19963.433.439120210.82+6.719.904
V3.350.3219963.193.352920181.02619.07
H40.27+20003.863.821620141.04+614.2896
20325 Julianoey4.940.319984.733.2447420141.421023.5
20882 PaulsánchezNYS4.420004.42.558620181232.810
21436 Chaoyichi1.9519981.82.8720140.60.35
21527 HortonEUN4.990.21+19984.882.7676220191.02+8.717.44
22899 AlconradKOR5.680.22219995.544.03Juliekaibarreto
S/2003 (22899) 1
20031.231821344
19992020
H3.180.22+20003.12.6608720160.683.69.252
25015 LairdcloseFLO2.89919982.92018
25021 Nischaykumar2.10.28199822.534420190.56n.a.23.496
4.5619994.562.9072015
2.020.34+19991.913.220190.65+n.a.23.899
H1.8220001.823.488520133.116.356
27675 PaulmaleyPHO5.0919815.092017
31450 Stevepreston10.620.22199910.43.411620152.33953.47
32008 Adriángalád4.560.4+20004.233.017120071.691340.25
PHO3.419993.416.6752020
2.50.3519992.42.920140.8
2.620.3519990.662.920140.22
46829 McMahon3.30.419983.062.623620151.225.416.833
52316 DaveslaterH3.30.16+19923.262.762920120.524.913.44
2.20.25+20012.22.4448220170.5+524
69406 Martz-KohlH3.180.19+19953.124.48620130.595.316.11
PHO2.70.25+20002.622.58220190.66+4.918.77
76818 BrianenkeH3.840.3720003.63.16620051.335.614.12
79472 ChiornyH3.790.3219983.792.88022012925.94
1.580.319990.282.920120.080.933.1
152830 DinkineshFLO0.820.2819990.7652.67 ± 0.04Selam
Dinkinesh I
20230.22??
2.6120061.820111.81043360

The following binaries are , with similarly sized components, and a outside of the larger object.

  1. 90 Antiope – S/2000 (90) 1
  2. 854 Frostia – undesignated
  3. 1313 Berna – undesignated
  4. 2478 Tokai – undesignated
  5. 3169 Ostro – undesignated
  6. 3749 Balam – S/2002 (3749) 1
  7. 3905 Doppler – undesignated
  8. 4674 Pauling – S/2004 (4674) 1
  9. 4951 Iwamoto – undesignated
  10. 5674 Wolff – undesignated
  11. 8474 Rettig – undesignated
  12. 17246 Christophedumas – S/2004 (17246) 1
  13. – undesignated

In addition, these bodies might be , but due to errors in their size and orbit, it is uncertain.

  1. 809 Lundia – undesignated
  2. 1089 Tama – undesignated
  3. 1509 Esclangona – S/2003 (1509) 1
  4. 4492 Debussy – undesignated
  5. 11264 Claudiomaccone – undesignated
  6. 22899 Alconrad – (22899) Alconrad I Juliekaibarreto


Jupiter trojans
This is a list of with companions. Candidate binaries with an unconfirmed status are displayed on a dark background. For an overview, see summary and introduction.

617 Patroclus1450.9241906106102.79Menoetius200198680102.792
624 Hektor2500.04819071846.921Skamandrios200612957.571.162
3548 Eurybates63.90.013197363.98.711Queta20180.823101982.4
16974 Iphthime57.30.767199845.578.9201334.917978.96
17365 Thymbraeus42.60.843197832.612.672200527.54312.672
29314 Eurydamas400.73719943215.0352005244115.036
15094 Polymele 199921 Shaun (temporary designation)2022


Trans-Neptunian objects
This is a list of trans-Neptunian objects with companions. Candidate binaries with an unconfirmed status are displayed on a dark background. This list gives the companion's orbital period (Ps) in days rather than hours. For an overview, see summary and introduction.

2800.30219982688.420018111377130.158
38628 Huya4580.52520004065.28Satellite of (38628) Huya201221317403.2
42355 Typhon1850.5520021629.67Echidna (Typhon I)200689158018.982
47171 LempoPLU3930.486
0.927
199927245.763Paha (Lempo I)2001132741150.3
Hiisi (Lempo II)20072518671.907
SDO1940.45719951762002804201.4
50000 QuaoarCUB10740.076200210708.839Weywot (Quaoar I)2006811380012.26
CUB6970.316200266514.382200721047708.309
58534 LogosCUB1060.766199782Zoe (Logos I)2001678217309.87
SDO2110.76920001672006128220015
1830.7592000146200711111807.5
65489 CetoSDO2810.76420032234.43Phorcys (Ceto I)200617118409.554
66652 BorasisiCUB1630.81719991266.4Pabu (Borasisi I)2003103452846.2888
79360 Sila–NunamCUB3430.9441997249300.2388Nunam2002236277712.51
CUB2010.75920001602002121270023
2290.3472000216200275190010
CUB1830.86720011382008120313033
88611 TeharonhiawakoCUB2200.72420011789.505Sawiskera (Teharonhiawako I)200112927670828.76
90482 Orcus9580.31200491713.18841Vanth (Orcus I)200544290069.539
CUB2110.955200115320071468900130
4610.3162002440200613940908.403
120347 SalaciaCUB9010.34420048546.5Actaea (Salacia I)200628656195.4938
CUB1460.95120001062005101236630.917
134340 Pluto23760.511
0.018
0.016
0.012
0.0025
19302380153.2935Charon (Pluto I)19781212195736.3872
Nix (Pluto II)2005384869424.8546
Hydra (Pluto III)2005396473838.2018
Kerberos (Pluto IV)2011135778332.1676
Styx (Pluto V)2012114265620.1616
CUB1750.78320001382003108227022.0584
136108 Haumea14250.232
0.116
200313793.9154Hiʻiaka (Haumea I)20053204988049.462
Namaka (Haumea II)20051702565718.2783
136199 ErisSDO23260.30120032326378.6Dysnomia (Eris I)20057003746015.7859
136472 MakemakeCUB14400.122200514307.771S/2015 (136472) 1201513021100+12.4
1790.867200113513.774420031171720.5739
148780 AltjiraCUB3310.899200124620062219904139.56
CUB740.75920001532007567695347.085
CUB2420.8322002186200715524400470
174567 VardaCUB7920.51320037055.91Ilmarë (Varda I)200936148005.7508
SDO2310.63120021952006123206012
208996 AchlysPLU7270.1200372313.44200572720012
225088 Gonggong 12300.22007153544.81Xiangliu (Gonggong I)201095150006
229762 GǃkúnǁʼhòmdímàSDO5990.175200759011.05Gǃòʼé ǃHú (Gǃkúnǁʼhòmdímà I)20087136005.9
CUB2290.912200116911.6820061549960138.11
CUB2650.60320052272007137360022
341520 Mors–Somnus1410.95520071029.28Somnus20079721040971.7
CUB1450.6372006122200678330001500
385446 Manwë 1850.582003160Thorondor (Manwë I)2006926674110.176
1330.7112001108200877120012
2210.73520031785.852010131214014
CUB3060.95200322220202111960
CUB2600.9552003188200618019009.1
CUB2420.8120041882019153382029
469705 ǂKá̦gáraCUB1740.76220051389.65ǃHãunu (ǂKá̦gára I)20091057700128.11
CUB2310.812013180201714613300200
CUB2120.7920131662019131537059
CUB2530.9020161886.85201716911300140
CUB1750.871200013220031156930220.7
CUB3240.8172002251200820524909.8
CUB2010.35201319020176621400460
SDO3500.832008270201222013003.3
2270.76201118120181383490.87
CUB1460.6051999125200876150015
CUB1400.8322001108200190156017
CUB2210.826200117120061409310125.58
CUB3500.6192002298200818519900190
CUB1710.5132005152.4200578698003579
SDO7650.2520137402018190980015
CUB1460.8711998110200796142014uTNO
CUB1920.8331998148S/2000 (1998 WW31) 1200012322620587.3uTNO
CUB1040.96199975200272326784.12
CUB1210.6891999100200669331064uTNO
CUB2780.83919992132008179267014
CUB810.78200063.6200250333003989
2060.96720001482006143500256.451
CUB2650.8220002052008168260014
CUB1670.6172001142200688190017uTNO
CUB3030.81720012357.782002192381319.23
CUB2310.91220011712007156389032
CUB1800.986200112820011261021006280uTNO
CUB1600.8672002121200810522400760uTNO
CUB22112003156201015613200210
CUB1140.9862003813.42003808549309.7uTNO
CUB2800.9122003207200718917907.5
CUB830.7872003652006513840137.68uTNO
CUB1490.6672003124200383540003180
CUB220-0.7242003178200712913006.5
CUB1670.871200312620081107830150uTNO
CUB1670.552003146200880200018
CUB3190.8520042438+2019206278012
CUB1831.020041292019129360041
1460.9520041052012100340053uTNO
CUB2210.6720041842019123411036
CUB2210.7212004179201112913000210uTNO
CUB1750.8920041312.5+2019116584089
CUB2770.544200424320061321040097.02uTNO
CUB2210.442004203201989680073
CUB2420.722004196201914123190430
CUB2210.8120041722019139594064
CUB1600.832200512320091027600150uTNO
CUB1330.3982005124200849230030uTNO
CUB1140.794200689.8200671253001501uTNO
CUB1290.8172006100200482270001420uTNO
CUB2110.7620061682019127434043
2010.97720061442007141312028uTNO
CUB3200.832014250201621024000290
CUB1800.920151302017120520002300uTNO
CUB1340.7620151072019816700160
CUB1540.762015123201993508086
CUB2220.952015161201915314680250
CUB2650.8720152002019174529041
CUB1060.762015842019645960190
HST519012005135n.a.2005135164001000


See also
  • Lists of astronomical objects
  • Satellite system (astronomy)


External links

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